独立短语

《李特布朗英文写作手册》第九版第12章c3 Exercise 13。

1. Geraldine Ferraro’s face beamed. She enjoyed the crowd’s cheers after her nomination for Vice President.
beamed：眉开眼笑

Her face beaming, Geraldine Ferraro enjoyed the crowd’s cheers after her nomination for Vice President.

2. A vacancy had occurred. Sandra Day O’Connor was appointed the first female Supreme Court justice.

A vacancy having occurred, Sandra Day O’Connor was appointed the first female Supreme Court justice.

分析：
A vacancy had occurred是过去完成时，Sandra Day O’Connor was appointed是过去时。变成独立短语时，had done就变成having done。^[1]

如果独立短语与主句同时发生，独立短语的动词要是ing形式。

3. Her appointment was confirmed. Condoleezza Rice became the first female national security adviser.

Her appointment [being] confirmed, Condoleezza Rice became the first female national security adviser.

being可加可不加

4. The midterm elections were over. Nancy Pelosi was elected the first female minority leader of the House of Representatives.

The midterm elections [being] over, Nancy Pelosi was elected the first female minority leader of the House of Representatives.

5. The election was won. Elizabeth Dole was a US senator from North Carolina.

The election [being] won, Elizabeth Dole was a US senator from North Carolina.

参考资料

1. 俞亨通. 英文文法問題與解答: Grammar Q & A. . [].↑